affirmative

Civil Rights


 * Affirmative Action was first initialized on March 6, 1961 by president John F. Kennedy.
 * Affirmative Action states that applicants are to be employed and treated, during employment with out regard to their race color creed or national origin. This was intended to state that there is equal opportunity.
 * In 1964 President Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits the discrimination of people based on race, color, religion, or national origin.
 * In 1967 President Johnson also expanded the affirmative action requirements to benefit women.
 * In 1969 the “Philadelphia Order” was initiated by President Nixon, which included goals and timetables to meat the goals of increasing minority employment.
 * In 1978 the Supreme Court issue of University of California v. Bakke arose. The University of California had an affirmative action policy that let so many minorities into the college each year. Bakke, being a white male, had his application turned down twice so the school could meet their affirmative action goals, even though Bakke had a better GPA than those getting admitted.
 * In 1995 President Clinton revised the affirmative action and called for the elimination of all programs that creates a quota, creates preferences for unqualified people, creates reverse discrimination, or continues after its equal opportunity has been achieved.
 * ======In 1997 California passed a statewide ban on all forms of affirmative action. It stated “ The states will not discriminate against or grant preferential treatment to any individual group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting. ======
 * Following California many states ban affirmative action.