Inventions+(1-7)

=Inventions=

Telephone
Parag Karkhanis The telephone was an improvement of the telegraph. It was brought up by the idea that messages shouldn't have one message limits. The first name for the invention was the "harmonic telegraph," because it was used only to hear small sounds. On March 10, 1876, the first words were uttered. "Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you." The new telephone beat out the multiple telegraph and became a household item. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone, started the Bell telephone company. This company later developed to AT&T wireless. Today, there are 3.3 billion users with mobile phones. Phones revolutionized communication by allowing anyone to speak real time. It also led to the internet, the leading cause of globalization.

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Bessemer Process
Jeff Bressler The Bessemer Process helped the second industrial revolution to find a cheaper way to mass produce steel. By manufacturing steel from molten pig iron, steel became cheaper and more reliable than the former process made from wrought iron. This process revolutionized steel manufacturing by decreasing cost, scale, and speed. Labor needs were also lessened with the new process, meaning more steel could be made with less money going towards workers.

Railroads
Jeff Bressler Early railroads served purposes of a way to easily move heavily loaded vehicles on wheels. They were first introduced in the 17th century (England). The first mainline electrification was in Baltimore, MD in 1893. Railroads would slowly continue to progress as in 1913, the first commercially successful internal combustion engine was built and put in locomotives by GE (General Electric). Diesel-electric locomotives were also beginning to arise in 1917. Breakthroughs like these served as defying moments for the second industrial revolution. This is because transporting goods became faster, and more convienent.

electricity
Jared Artman It was not until 1873 that a dynamo capable of prolonged operation was developed, but as early as 1831 Michael Faraday demonstrated how electricity could be mechanically produced. Through the nineteenth century the use of electric power was limited by small productive capacity, short transmission lines, and high cost. Up to 1900 the only cheap electricity was that produced by generators making use of falling water in the mountains of southeastern France and northern Italy. Italy, without coal resources, soon had electricity in every village north of Rome. Electric current ran Italian textile looms and, eventually, automobile factories. As early as 1890 Florence boasted the world's first electric streetcar.

The electrification of Europe proceeded apace in the twentieth century. Russia harnessed the Dneiper River and the Irish Free State built power plants on the River Shannon. Germany was supplied with electricity in the 1920's, and by 1936 Great Britain had built an electric grid completely covering the country. Electricity was a major factor in the phenomenally rapid industrialization of Russia in the 1930's.

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